景觀治理在中國礦山生態修復中的應用研究
摘 要：20世紀以來中國開展了大量的礦山生態修復工作。由于法律法規不完善、城鄉規劃體系作用不足、多學科合作版塊缺失等因素，存在著諸多修復失敗的問題。當今空間規劃邏輯框架中缺乏對礦山生態修復“自上而下”的系統管控，因此“社會—文化—經濟”綜合層面的景觀治理平衡作用在礦山上位監管領域中缺乏重視。文章通過研究景觀治理應用現狀，從管理結構、跨部門合作、景觀績效評估和可持續治理四個方面，初步探討景觀治理在中國礦山生態修復中的應對策略。建議構建中國礦山生態修復景觀治理方案，以健全一套完整的專項規劃體系為目標，引領中國礦山生態修復邁向真正的可持續綠色發展。
關鍵詞：礦山生態修復；景觀治理；空間規劃；上位管控
中圖分類號：TU985.12 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1672-7053(2024)03-0027-04
基金項目：中國礦業大學研究生創新計劃“基于案例研究法的礦山修復景觀治理理論研究”（2022WLJCRCZL317）；中國礦業大學人才項目“新時代生態規劃政策體系前瞻戰略研究”（102519082）
Abstract：China has been carrying out a large number of mine ecological restoration since the 20th century. Imperfect regulations, insufficient spatial planning processes, and the absence of multi-disciplinary cooperation has led to many restoration failures. This study reveals: today's spatial planning logic framework lacks "top-down" systematic control of mine ecological restoration, and therefore the balance of landscape governance at the comprehensive level of "social-cultural-economic" has not received much attention in mine upstream supervision. By exploring the current situation of landscape governance, this paper tentatively discusses the response strategies of landscape governance in China's mine ecological restoration from four perspectives: control structure , cross-sector cooperation, landscape impact assessment and sustainable governance. It is proposed to establish a landscape governance program for mine ecological restoration in China. Under the framework of China's territorial spatial planning, the goal is to improve a complete set of specialized planning system, leading China's mine ecological restoration to a real sustainable development in all dimensions.
Key Words：Ecological Rehabilitation of Mines; Landscape Governance; Spatial Planning; Control Structure
